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Click here
for the full text of the Red Cross report, entitled "Report
of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on the
Treatment by the Coalition Forces of Prisoners of War and Other
Protected Persons by the Geneva Conventions in Iraq During Arrest,
Internment and Interrogation".
The report is in Adobe portable document format (pdf). You
will need Acrobat Reader to view it. If you do not already
have Acrobat Reader, you can download one free by clicking
here.
The report, issued in February 2004 but leaked on 8 May, shows
that the ICRC complained about the treatment of Iraqi prisoners
even before the war was over. Some names have been obscured.
If you do not wish to read the full, 24-page-long report,
below are excerpts from it:
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The ICRC draws the attention of the Coalition
Forces to a number of serious violations of humanitarian law:
- Brutality against protected person upon capture
and initial custody, sometimes causing death or serious injury.
- Physical or psychological coercion during
interrogation to secure information.
- Prolonged solitary confinement in cells devoid
of daylight.
- Excessive or disproportionate use of force
against persons deprived of their liberty resulting in death
or injury during their period of internment.
- Seizure and confiscation of private belongings.
The main places of internment where mistreatment
allegedly took place included battle group unit stations; the
military sections of Camp Cropper and Abu Ghraib Correctional
Facility; Al-Baghdadi, Heat Base and Hubbania Camp in Ramadi
governate; Tikrit holding area (former Saddam Hussein Islamic
School); a former train station Al-Khaim, near the Syrian border,
turned into a military base; the Ministry of Defence and Presidential
Palace in Baghdad, the former mukhabarat office in Basra, as
well as several Iraqi police stations in Baghdad.
Methods of ill-treatment
- Hooding, used to prevent people from seeing
and to disorient them, and also to prevent them from breathing
freely. ... Hooding could last for periods from a few hours up
to two to four consecutive days, during which hoods were lifted
only for drinking, eating or going to the toilets.
- Handcuffing with flexi-cuffs, which were
sometimes made so tight and used for such extended periods that
they caused skin lesions and long-term after-effects on the hands
(nerve damage), as observed by the ICRC.
- Beating with hard objects (including pistols
and rifles), slapping, punching, kicking with knees or feet on
various parts of the body (legs, sides, lower back, groin).
- Pressing the face into the ground with boots.
- Threats.
- Being stripped naked for several days while
held in solitary confinement in an empty and completely dark
cell that included a latrine.
- Being paraded naked outside cells in front
of other persons deprived of their liberty and guards, sometimes
hooded or with women's underwear over the head.
- Acts of humiliation such as being made to
stand naked against the wall of the cell with arms raised or
with women's underwear over the head for prolonged periods, while
being laughed at by guards, including female guards, and sometimes
photographed in this position.
- Being attached repeatedly over several days,
for several hours each time, with handcuffs to the bars of their
cell door in humiliating (i.e., naked or in underwear) and/or
uncomfortable position causing physical pain.
- Exposure while hooded to loud noise or music,
prolonged exposure while hooded to the sun over several hours.
- Being forced to remain for prolonged periods
in stress positions such as squatting or standing with our without
the arms lifted.
These methods of physical or psychological
coercion were used by the military intelligence in a systematic
way to gain confessions and extract information or other forms
of cooperation from person who had been arrested in connection
with suspected security offences or deemed to have an "intelligence
value".
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